KEABSAHAN PERJANJIAN JUAL BELI BUBUK KRATOM DI E-COMMERCE MENURUT PASAL 1320 KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM PERDATA

Stephanus Christian Situmorang, Nomensen Freddy Siahaan, Dewi Atriani

Abstract


Online commerce has significantly expanded the circulation of various commodities, including kratom, whose legal status in Indonesia remains controversial. At present, kratom is regulated solely for export purposes and lacks a clear legal basis for domestic trade, creating legal uncertainty in online sale transactions. This study examines the validity of kratom powder sale agreements conducted through e-commerce platforms under Article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code and analyzes the legal responsibility of platform providers for facilitating such transactions. The research employs a doctrinal legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches, complemented by an empirical review of kratom listings on major Indonesian e-commerce platforms. The findings indicate that online kratom transactions potentially fail to satisfy the objective requirements of a valid contract, particularly regarding lawful object and lawful cause, due to the absence of explicit domestic regulatory authorization. Empirical observations further reveal inadequate age-verification mechanisms, raising concerns over transactions involving legally incapacitated consumers. This study underscores the urgent need for comprehensive national regulation on kratom and strengthened legal obligations for e-commerce platforms to ensure consumer protection and contractual legality in digital markets.

Keywords: contract; validity; kratom; e-commerce platforms; platform liability

References


Buku

Agus Wibowo, Kecerdasan Buatan AI Pada (E-commerce), Semarang : Yayasan Prima Agus Teknik, 2024.

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Peraturan Perundangan

Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata KUHPerdata

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Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 7 Tahun 2021

Permendag No. 20 Tahun 2024 tentang Perubahan Kedua atas Peraturan Menteri Perdagangan Nomor 22 Tahun 2023 tentang Barang yang Dilarang untuk Diekspor.

Jurnal

Charoenratana, Sayamol, and Cholnapa Anukul. “Attitudes toward Kratom Use, Decriminalization, and the Development of Community-Based Kratom Control Mechanisms in Southern Thailand.” International Journal of Drug Policy. Elsevier. 2021.

Devi, Fatma, Busyra Azheri, and Yulfasni. “Pembatasan Kebebasan Berkontrak pada Perjanjian Tidak Bernama dalam Bentuk Akta Notaris.” Jurnal Kenotariatan dan Hukum Perdata. Fakultas Hukum Universitas Andalas. 2023.

Dewi, Putu Mita Apsari, and Sagung Putri M.E. Purwani. “Perbuatan Melawan Hukum oleh Produsen dan Biro Iklan terhadap Iklan yang Menyesatkan Masyarakat.” Kertha Semaya: Journal Ilmu Hukum. Universitas Udayana.

Fitriah, Heriana. “Promosi dalam Komunitas ‘Skincare Enthusiast’ pada Fitur Group Chat di Aplikasi LINE.” Jurnal Komunikasi Digital dan Media Sosial. 2024.

Hartono, Laksamana Varelino Zeustan, and Paranita Pranangtyas. “Aspek Hukum Perjanjian dalam Transaksi Jual Beli Secara Online.” Jurnal Hukum Perdata dan Bisnis Digital. 2023.

Maharani, Avridha Riyanti, and Handoyo Prasetyo. “Legalitas Status Tanaman Kratom di Indonesia.” Jurnal Hukum Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta.

———. “Legality of the Legal Status of Kratom Plants in Indonesia.” Journal of Legal Studies, Faculty of Law, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta.

Pratama, Wiranata Ananda. “Regulasi terhadap Penggunaan Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) sebagai Narkotika Jenis Baru.” Jurnal Legislasi dan Kebijakan Publik. Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Indonesia. 2023.

Purwito, Edy. “Konsep Perlindungan Hukum Konsumen dan Tanggung Jawab Pelaku Usaha terhadap Produk Gula Pasir Kedaluwarsa di Kota Surabaya.” Jurnal Hukum dan Perlindungan Konsumen. Universitas Bhayangkara Surabaya. 2023.

Safitri, Tryana, and Wandi. “Tinjauan Yuridis Jual Beli Menurut Hukum Perdata.” Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perdata. Universitas Islam Indragiri.

Wirawan, Made Agus Arya, I. Ketut Westra, and I. Nyoman Darmadha. “Analisis Perjanjian Jual Beli Melalui Media Elektronik.” Kertha Semaya: Journal Ilmu Hukum. 2018.

Yuningsih, Rahmi. “Perlindungan Kesehatan Masyarakat terhadap Peredaran Obat dan Makanan Daring.” Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Regulasi Pangan. 2021.

Herawatiningsih, Ratna, Rita Sabtiani, and Gusti Eva Tavita. “Etnobotani Tanaman Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) oleh Masyarakat di Sekitar DAS Labian, Kalimantan Barat.” Jurnal Kehutanan Tropika. Universitas Tanjungpura. 2024.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.36987/jiad.v13i4.8007

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