The Diversity of Reptile Species in Mangrove Ecotourism of Kampung Rawa Mekar Jaya, Siak Regency

Aldi Ardiansyah Putra, Defri Yoza, Sri Catur Setyawatiningsih

Abstract


Rawa Mekar Jaya mangrove ecotourism is the last mangrove forest on the east coast of Sumatra Island. This mangrove forest is a home for reptiles. The reptilian fauna of the Mekar Jaya mangrove has the potential to become an ecotourism object. This study aims to determine the diversity, evenness, abundance, and status of reptile species in the Mekar Jaya mangrove ecotourism. Four 3 x 400 m transects were conducted in two habitat types: aquatic (10 m of bank) and terrestrial (30 m of bank). Observations were made in the morning and evening at low tide and repeated five times at three-day intervals. Direct collection of reptile data using a visual survey (VES) and passive sampling (glue trap). The researchers managed to capture 52 individuals, which were reptiles, consisting of 4 species (Draco sumatranus, Hemidactylus platyurus, Mabuya multifasciata, and Varanus savator) found directly in the field. The results of the interviews with the managers indicate that there are 2 species of crocodiles: Crocodylus porosus and Tomistoma schlegelii. Shannon-Wiener diversity index value was medium (H'=1.02). Evenness index was labile (0.57). The highest species abundance was M. multifasciata (0.65), while the lowest abundance was H. platyurus (0.12). All reptile species found were not protected. V. salvator is classified as a low-risk species (LC/Minor Concern) and is listed in Appendix II of CITES. Two crocodile species reported by the community are protected. T. schlegelii is vulnerable and listed in Appendix I of CITES. C. porosus is low-risk and listed in CITES Appendix II.


Keywords


diversity index, evenness, least concern, not protected, vulnerable

Full Text:

PDF

References


[CITES] Convention On International Trade In Endangeres Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. (2021). Appendices I, II and III Interpretation: valid from 14 February 2021. https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/app/2021/E-Appendices-2021-02-14.pdf. Diakses tanggal 22 Februari 2023.

[IUCN] The International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Threatened Species Version 2022-2. Tomistoma schlegelii, (2023.) https://www.iucnredlist. org/species/21981/ 2780499

[KLHK-LIPI] Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup-Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia. (2019). Panduan Identifikasi Jenis Satwa Dilindungi: Herpetofauna. Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup (KLHK)-Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI) Press. Jakarta. http://repository.umsu.ac.id/handle/123 456789/15850

Adelina, M., Harianto, S.P., & Nurcahyani, N. (2016). Keanekaragaman Jenis Burung di Hutan Rakyat Pekon Kelungu Kecamatan Kotaagung Kabupaten Tanggamus. Jurnal Sylva Lestari. 4(2): 51-60. https://doi.org/10.23960/jsl2451-60

Arfiati, D., Herawati, E.Y., Buwono, N.R., Firdaus, A., Winarmo, M.S., & Puspitasari, A.W. (2019). Struktur Komunitas Makrozoobentos Pada Ekosistem Lamun di Paciran, Kebupaten Lamongan, Jawa Timur. JFMR (Jurnal of Fisheries and Marine Research. 3(1): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.21776 /ub.jfmr.2019.003.01.1

Alikodra, H.S. (2018). Teknik Pengelolaan Satwa Liar: Dalam Rangka mempertahankan keanekaragaman hayati Indonesia. IPB Press. Bogor.

Ario, A. (2010). Panduan Lapangan Mengenai Satwa Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango. Conservation International Indonesia. Perpustakaan Nasional. Jakarta. 101 Hal.

Bezuijen, M.R., Shwedick, B., Simpson, B.K., Staniewicz, A. & Stuebing, R. (2014). Tomistoma schlegelii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014:e.T21981A2780499. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T21981A2780499.en. Accessed on 05 January 2023.

Driptufani, D.M., Fajrin, F., Yulius, H., Hidayat, M., Kamal, E., Putra, A., dan Razak, A. (2021). Karakteristik Spesies Fauna Ekosistem Mangrove dengan Metode Survei di Kawasan Teluk Bungus–Padang. Jurnal Kependudukan dan Pembangunan Lingkungan. 2(1): 60-67.

Eprilurahman, R., Hilmy, M.F., dan Qurniawan,T.F. (2009). Studi Keanekaragaman Reptil dan Amfibi di Kawasan Ekowisata Lingga Asri, Pekalongan, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Berkala Penelitian Hayati. 15 (1): 93 – 97. http://www. berkalahayati.org/index.php/jurnal/article/view/260

Fatmawati, N.A., Dewi, B.S., Fitriana, Y.R., & Febryano, I.G. (2021). Keanekaragaman Jenis Reptil di Laboratorium Lapang Terpadu, Universitas Lampung. Jurnal Rimba Lestari. 1(2): 1-10. http://repository.lppm.unila. ac.id

/id/eprint/35803

Fitriana, N. Yoza, D., & Oktorini, Y. (2017). Keanekaragaman Jenis Reptil di Kawasan Hutan Larangan Adat Kenegerian Rumbio Kecamatan Kampar Kabupaten Kampar. Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Kehutanan. 1(2): 1-9.http://jta.ejournal. unri.ac.id:7680/index.php/JIIK/article/view/4558

Hamdani, R.,Tjong, D.H., & Herwina, H. (2013). Potensi Herpetofauna dalam Pengobatan Tradisional di Sumatera Barat. Jurnal Biologi UNAND. 2 (2): 110 – 117. https://doi.org/10.25077/jbioua.2.2.%25p.2013

Hanum., F.I., dan Latiff, A. (2014). Mangrove ecosystem of Asia: status, challenges and management strategies. In Mangrove Ecosystems of Asia (pp. 1-22). Springer, New York, NY. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Dixon-Gevana/ publication/258925724_Philippines'_Mangrove_Ecosystem_Status_Threats_and_Conservation/links/569129cd08aee91f69a4f3f9/Philippines-Mangrove-Ecosystem-Status-Threats-and-Conservation.pdf

Hidayah, A., Hanifa, B.F., Devi, S.R., Septiadi, L., Alwi, M.Z., & Afifudin, F.A. (2018). Keanekaragaman herpetofauna di Kawasan Wisata Alam Coban Putri Desa Tlekung Kecamatan Junrejo Kota Batu Jawa Timur. In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Hayati in Kediri, Jawa timur, Indonesia. Prodi Pendidikan Biologi Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri, pp 79-91. http://etheses.uinmalang.ac.id/id/eprint/14063

Irham, W. Yoza. D., & Mardhiansyah, M. (2017). Keanekaragaman Jenis Amfibi di Kawasan Hutan Larangan Adat Kenegerian Rumbio Kecamatan Kampar Kabupaten Kampar. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Kehutanan. 1(2): 18-24. http:// jta.ejournal.unri.ac.id:7680/index.php/JIIK/article/view/4560

Kamsi, M., Handayani S, Siregar A.J., & Frediksson G. (2017). Buku Panduan Lapang Amfibi dan Reptil Kawasan Hutan Batang Toru. Herpetology Mania Publishing. Medan.

Kartika, N.A., Dewi, B.S., Rusita, R., dan Fitriana, Y.R. (2021). Keanekaragaman dan Kemerataan Reptil pada Beberapa Tipe Habitat di Universitas Lampung. Jurnal JOPFE. 1(2):20-30.

Khatimah, A. (2018). Keanekaragaman Herpetofauna di Kawasan Wisata River Tubing Ledok Amprong Desa Weringinanom Kecamatan Pancokusumo Kabupaten Malang. Disertasi (Tidak dipublikasikan). Universitas Islam Negri Maulana Malik Ibrahim. Malang.

Kurniati, H. (2016.) Analisis Ekologi Relung Intraspesifik Kadal Sphenomorphus variegates Ditinjau dari Marga Alaminya. Zoo Indonesia. 28(1) :8-11.

Kusrini, M.D. (2020). Amfibi dan Reptil Sumatera Selatan: Areal Sembilang–Dangku dan Sekitarnya. Pustaka Media Konservasi, Bogor, Indonesia.

Koch, A., & Arida, E. (2017). A Coconut-Eating Monitor Lizard on an Unusual Case of Frugivory in the Melanistic Sulawesi Water Monitor (Varanus togianus). The Herpetological Bulletin. 139: 41-42. https://www.academia.ed u/download/54470834/Koch_et_Arida_2017_Coconut-eating_monitor.pdf

Koch, A., Ziegler, T., Bohme, W., Arida, E.A., & Auliya M. (2013). Pressing Problems Distribution, Threats and Conservation Status of The Monitor’s Lizard (Varanidae: Varanus Spp) of Southeast Asia and the Indo-Australian Archipelago. Herpetol Conserv and Biol. 8(3): 1-62. https://www.herpconbio.org /Volume8/monographs/Koch_etal_2013.pdf

Koch, A., Auliya, M., Schmitz, A.,Kuch, U., & Bohme. (2007). Morphological Studies on The Systematics of Southeast Asian Water Monitors (Varanus salvator complex): Nominotypical Populations and Taxonomic Overview. Mertensiella.16:109-180.https://www.academia.edu/download/42114038/ Morphologicalstudiesonthesystematics20160204-30232-l2hakz.pdf

Lovich, R.E. (2012). Chapter Eleven. Techniques for Reptiles in Difficult-to-Sample Habitats, in: Reptile Biodiversity; Standard Methods for Inventory and Monitoring. University of California Press, Los Angeles, California. Pp. 167-192.

Maulana, A. (2020). Potensi Sumber Belajar Reptilia (Sub Ordo Sauria) Di Wisata Hutan Mangrove Mempawah Kalimantan Barat. Skripsi (Tidak dipublikasikan). Prodi Pendidikan Biologi Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan. Universitas Muhammadiyah Pontianak. Pontianak.

McGuire, J., & Iskandar, D. (2019). Draco sumatranus. The IUCN Red List of ThreatenedSpecies 2019:e.T99942638A99942644. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/ IUCN.UK.20193.RLTS.T99942638A99942644.en.Accessed on Januari 2023.

Muhammad, F., Kusrini, M.D., & Mardiastuti, A. (2020). Buku Panduan Lapangan Jenis - Jenis Reptil Di Kawasan Hutan Desa Aek Batang Paya, Bulu Mario, laut Lombat dan Marsada. Medan, Sumatera Utara: Sekretariat Kelompok Kerja Pengelolaan Lanskap Batang Toru.

Mujadid, I., Dewi, I.J.P., dan Rahmad, B. (2020). Keanekaragaman Hayati Hutan Mangrove di Suaka Margasatwa Muara Angke, Kapuk, Jakarta Utara. Sintesa: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan. 15(1): 1-9.

Nurhayati, R,Y. (2013). Teknik Penangkaran Buaya Muara (Crocodylus porosus) di Penangkaran Taman Buaya Indonesia Jaya, Serang, Bekasi, Jawa Barat. Skripsi (Tidak dipublikasikan). Fakultas Kehutanan. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.

Obi, Z.C., Anyaegbunam, L.C., & Igboanugo, N.A. (2013). The House Gecko (Hemidactylus platyurus) and Parasitaemia. International Jurnal of Fauna and Biological Studies. 1(2): 13-14. https://scholar.archive.org/work/x2c4ydtrlnbo3 cvxkhvpkpn3fy/access/wayback/https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/aktualnye-napravleniya-izucheniya-sinantropnyh-gekkonov-na-territorii-indokitaya/pdf

Odum, E. P. (1996). Dasar – Dasar Ekologi. Edisi ketiga. Gadjah Mada University Press. 697 hal.

Priyo, W., Surono, I., Nishigaki T., & Anang E. (2008). Indonesia Biodiversities, from Microbes to Herbal Plants as Potential Functional Foods. Shinshu Daigaku Nogakubu Kiyo. 44 (1-2): 23-27. https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/152029 0883551212032

Setyawatiningsih, S. C., Arida, E. A., Solihin, D. D., Boediono, A., dan Manalu, W. (2016). Variasi morfologi pada Varanus salvator macromaculatus Deraniyagala, 1944 dari populasi wilayah Sumatera. Zoo Indonesia. 24(2): 121-134. https://e-journal.biologi.lipi.go.id/index.php/zoo_indonesia/article/ view/680

Siahaan, S., & Sardi, M. (2014). Keanekaragaman Herpetofauna di Resort Lekawai Kawasan Taman Nasional Bukit Baka Bukit Raya Kabupaten Sintang Kalimantan Barat. Jurnal Hutan Lestari. 2(1): 10367. https://jurnal.untan. ac.id/index.php/jmfkh/article/view/5504

Sosilawaty, Rizal, M., Johansyah., & Situmeang, R.S. (2020). Populasi Buaya Senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) di Taman Nasional Tanjung Puting Kabupaten Kotawaringan Barat Kalimantan Tengah. Journal of Environment and Management. 1(3): 187-193. https://e-journal.upr.ac.id/index.php/jem /article/view/2564

Subeno, S. (2018). Distribusi dan Keanekaragaman Herpetofauna di Hulu Sungai Gunung Sindoro, Jawa Tengah. Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan. 12 (1): 40-51. https: //journal.ugm.ac.id/jikfkt/article/view/34108

The Reptile Database. (2023). http://www.reptile-database.org. Diakses 25 januari 2023.

Uyeda, L., Iskandar, E., Wirsing, A., & Kyes, R. (2013). Nocturnal Activity of Varanus salvator on Tinjil Island, Indonesia. Jurnal of Varanid Biology and Husbandry. Biawak. 7: 25-30. http://varanidae.org/7_1.pdf#page=26

Widjaja, E.A, Rahayuningsih, Y.,Ubaidillah, R., Maryanto, I., & Rahajoe, J.S. (2014). Kekinian keanekaragaman Hayati Indonesia. Bogor: Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Kementerian PPN/ Bappenas, Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup.

Widodo, A. (2013). Keanekaragaman Jenis Herpetofauna Di Kampus Universitas Riau Panam Pekanbaru. Skripsi (tidak diterbitkan). Jurusan Biologi. Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Universitas Riau. Pekanbaru.

Yanuarefa, M.F., Hariyanto, G., & Utami, J. (2012). Panduan Lapangan Herpetofauna (Amfibi dan Reptil) Taman Nasional Alas Purwo. Balai Taman Nasional Alas Purwo. Banyuwangi.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.36987/jpbn.v9i2.4266

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 Sri Catur Setyawatiningsih, Aldi Ardiansyah Putra, Defri Yoza

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Jurnal Pembelajaran dan Biologi Nukleus (JPBN) by LPPM Universitas Labuhanbatu is under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY - SA 4.0). Official contact: Rivo +6281362238917