Email this article 
Hide
Show all
Application of Biopriming Using Secondary Metabolites of Beauveria bassiana in Reducing the Intensity of Fusarium Wilt Disease in Chili Plants
Abstract
Background: Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium sp., is one of the main obstacles to chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) production. Disease control using chemical pesticides and fungicides is considered effective in agricultural fields, but excessive use can result in environmental contamination and health risks, including cancer. This makes the application of biological control an effective strategy in overcoming Fusarium wilt disease in chili plants, especially in increasing plant productivity. This study aims to test the effectiveness of biopriming using Beauveria bassiana secondary metabolites in suppressing Fusarium wilt infection in chili seeds in vivo. Methodology: This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Secondary metabolites were applied to chili seeds at four concentration levels (15%, 25%, 35%, and 45%) as well as positive and negative controls. The treated seeds were planted in a medium inoculated with pathogens and observed for nine weeks. Disease intensity was recorded every seven days and analyzed using ANOVA followed by Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test at the 5% level. Findings: The results of the variance test 49–63 days after sowing (DAS) showed significant differences between treatments; a further HSD test was conducted at a 5% level. The application of Beauveria bassiana secondary metabolites as a biopriming agent on chili seeds is considered to be ineffective. Contributions: This study provides the first in vivo evidence on the application of Beauveria bassiana secondary metabolites as a seed biopriming agent to suppress Fusarium wilt in chili plants, thereby advancing preventive biocontrol strategies and contributing to the development of environmentally sustainable plant disease management
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ainy, E. Q., Ratnayani, R., & Susilawati, L. (2015). Assessment of the antagonistic activity of Trichoderma harzianum 11035 against Colletotrichum capsici TCKR2 and Colletotrichum acutatum TCK1, the causative agents of anthracnose in chilli plants. Proceeding of Seminar Nasional XII Pendidikan Biologi FKIP UNS, Vol. 12, pp. 892-897). [In Indonesian language]
Akrich, A., Righi, K., Righi, F. A., & Elouissi, A. (2023). Characterization of a new isolate of Beauveria bassiana in Algeria and evaluation of its pathogenicity against the cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch). Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 33(1), 73.
Andriani, R. (2016). An introduction to microbiology laboratory equipment to ensure workplace safety and the success of practical sessions. Jurnal Mikrobiologi, 1(1), 2-4. [In Indonesian language]
Ansar, A., & Lakani, I. (2020). In vitro assessment of the antifungal activity of Beauveria bassiana against the soil-borne pathogen Fusarium sp. in shallots. Agrotekbis: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, 8(4), 919-924. [In Indonesian language]
Bashir, M. R., Atiq, M., Sajid, M., Hussain, A., & Mehmood, A. (2018). Impact of organic matter and soil types on the development of Fusarium wilt of chilli. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 55(4), 1-9.
BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik). (2024). Production of Seasonal Vegetables and Fruit by Province and Crop Type. https://www.bps.go.id/id/statistics-table/3/ZUhFd1JtZzJWVVpqWTJsV05XTllhVmhRSzFoNFFUMDkjMw==/produksi-tanaman-sayuran-dan-buah-buahan-semusim-menurut-provinsi-dan-jenis-tanaman----2022.html?year=2024. Accessed on 14Th September 2025 [In Indonesian language]
Chen, Z. F., & Ying, G. G. (2015). Occurrence, fate and ecological risk of five typical azole fungicides as therapeutic and personal care products in the environment: a review. Environment International, 84, 142-153.
Dar, G. H., Mir, G. H., Rashid, H., Dar, W. A., & Majeed, M. (2015). Evaluation of microbial antagonists for the management of wilt/root rot and damping-off diseases in chilli (Capsicum annuum). Vegetos, 28(4), 102-110.
Deb, S. C., & Khair, A. (2020). Enhancement of Germination and Seedling Health of Rice by Seed Treatment with Antagonist Fungi. Int. J. Sci. Res. in Biological Sciences, 7(5), 9-18.
Degani, O., Dimant, E., Gordani, A., Graph, S., & Margalit, E. (2022). Prevention and control of Fusarium spp., the causal agents of onion (Allium cepa) basal rot. Horticulturae, 8(11), 1071.
Diyasti, F., & Amalia, A. W. (2021). The role of climate change in the emergence of new pests. Agroscript: Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences, 3(1), 57-69. [In Indonesian language]
Dwiastuti, M. E., & Fajri, M. N. (2015). The potential of Trichoderma spp. as a control agent for Fusarium sp., the causative agent of wilt disease in strawberry plants (Fragaria x ananassa Dutch.). In Paper on International Tropical Horticulture Conference (p. 17). [In Indonesian language]
Geremew, D., Shiberu, T., & Leta, A. (2023). Isolation, morphological characterization, and screening a virulence of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium robertsii as bioagents. F1000Research, 12, 827.
Halwiyah, N., Pujiyanto, S., & Ferniah, R. S. (2018). The Potential of Beauveria bassiana in Inhibiting Fusarium oxysporum, the Causative Agent of Wilt Disease in Chilli Plants (Capsicum annuum L). Berkala Bioteknologi, 1(2), 5. [In Indonesian language]
Halwiyah, N., Raharjo, B., & Purwantisari, S. (2019). An in vitro study of the antagonistic effects of Beauveria bassiana against the pathogenic fungus Fusarium solani, the causative agent of wilt disease in chilli plants. Jurnal Akademika Biologi, 8(2), 8-17. [In Indonesian language]
Hasanah, U. (2023). The Effectiveness of Secondary Metabolites from Trichoderma sp. Fungi on the Resistance of Fusarium sp. Fungi in Aubergine Plants (Solanum melongena L.). Doctoral dissertation of Agrotechnology, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur University. Accessed on July 1St 2025. [In Indonesian language]
Helena, P. (2022). Identification of Microscopic Fruit-Decay Fungi in the Form of Slides as Teaching Materials for Mycology. Doctoral dissertation Mathematics and Natural Science Education, Universitas Jambi. Accessed on July 1St 2025. [In Indonesian language]
Iqbal, O., Syed, R. N., Rajput, N. A., Wang, Y., Lodhi, A. M., Khan, R., ... & Li, C. (2024). Antagonistic activity of two Bacillus strains against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. capsici (FOC-1) causing Fusarium wilt and growth promotion activity of chili plant. Frontiers in Microbiology, 15, 1388439.
Jamil, A., Musheer, N., & Ashraf, S. (2021). Antagonistic potential of Trichoderma harzianum and Azadirachta indica against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. capsici for the management of chilli wilt. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 128, 161-172. [In Indonesian language]
Khoirunnisa, S., Fuskhah, E., & Purbajanti, E. D. (2022). The application of manure enriched with Trichoderma sp. to enhance yield and control Fusarium sp. in shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.). Agrifor, 21(2), 293-302. [In Indonesian language]
Mugiastuti, E., Manan, A., Rahayuniati, R. F., & Soesanto, L. (2019). The use of Bacillus sp. to control Fusarium wilt in tomato plants. Jurnal Agro, 6(2), 144-152. [In Indonesian language]
Naufal, M. A., Sugiarto, A. Z., Ramadhani, A. N., Neriifolia, P., Widyawati, A. S., & Siregar, M. M. (2021). Literature Review: Root Rot in Peanut Plants (Arachis hypogaea). Proceeding of Seminar Nasional Biologi, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 658-667). [In Indonesian language]
Nugraheni, E. S. (2010). Biological characterisation of Fusarium sp. isolates from red chilli plants (Capsicum annuum L.) originating from Boyolali. Doctoral dissertation Agronomy, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Accessed on July 2, 2025. [In Indonesian language]
Pamungkas, Y. H. (2012). The relationship between visual symptoms and infection by the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae in garlic seeds. Doctoral dissertation Agrotechnology, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Accessed on July 2Nd 2025. [In Indonesian language]
Parihar, T. J., Sofi, M. Y., Rasool, R. S., Khursheed, S., Bhat, Z. A., Hussain, K., ... & Masoodi, K. Z. (2022). Fusarium chlamydosporum, causing wilt disease of chili (Capsicum annum L.) and brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) in Northern Himalayas: a first report. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 20392.
Parine, N. R., Devinder Kumar, D. K., Khan, P. A. A., & Varaprasad Bobbarala, V. B. (2010). Antifungal efficacy of secondary metabolites from entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana. Journal of Pharmacy Research, 3(4), 855-856.
Proietti, S., Falconieri, G. S., Bertini, L., Pascale, A., Bizzarri, E., Morales-Sanfrutos, J., ... & Caruso, C. (2023). Beauveria bassiana rewires molecular mechanisms related to growth and defense in tomato. Journal of Experimental Botany, 74(14), 4225-4243.
Raad, M., Glare, T. R., Brochero, H. L., Müller, C., & Rostás, M. (2019). Transcriptional reprogramming of Arabidopsis thaliana defence pathways by the entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana correlates with resistance against a fungal pathogen but not against insects. Frontiers in Microbiology, 10, 615.
Rio, V. (2024). Analysis of Household Demand for Curly Red Chillies in Pringsewu Regency. Doctoral dissertation Agrotechnology, Universitas Lampung. Accessed on July 1St, 2025. [In Indonesian language]
Rusman, I. W., Suniti, N. W., Sumiartha, I. K., Sudiarta, I. P., Wirya, G. N. A. S., & Utama, I. M. S. (2018). The effect of using various technological packages on the development of Fusarium wilt in bird’s eye chillies (Capsicum frutescens L.) and sweet chillies (Capsicum annuum L.) in highland areas. Jurnal Agroteknologi Tropika, 7(3), 354-362. [In Indonesian language]
Shabrina, I. (2010). The use of antagonistic agents and guano for the control of diseases and fruit borers in tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) in the field. Doctoral dissertation Plant Protection, Institut Pertanian Bogor. accessed on July 2Nd 2025. [In Indonesian language]
Shaheen, N., Khan, U. M., Azhar, M. T., Tan, D. K., Atif, R. M., Israr, M., ... & Rana, I. A. (2021). Genetics and genomics of Fusarium wilt of chilies: A review. Agronomy, 11(11), 2162.
Shen, Z., Zhong, S., Wang, Y., Wang, B., Mei, X., Li, R., ... & Shen, Q. (2013). Induced soil microbial suppression of banana Fusarium wilt disease using compost and biofertilizers to improve yield and quality. European Journal of Soil Biology, 57, 1-8.
Soesanto, L. (2020). Application of Trichoderma harzianum T10 liquid formula based on soybean flour against cucumber seedlings damping-off (Pythium sp.). Akta Agrosia, 23(1), 11-18.
Sukapiring, D. N., Soekarno, B. P. W., & Yuliani, T. S. (2016). The potential of secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi of chilli plants as inhibitors of seed-borne Fusarium sp. pathogens in vitro. Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia, 12(1), 1-1. [In Indonesian language]
Susanti, D., Plumula, M., & Wiyatiningsih, S. (2017). Characterisation of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae isolates causing root rot in shallots from the Nganjuk and Probolinggo regions. Berkala Ilmiah Agroteknologi-Plumula, 5(2), 153-160. [In Indonesian language]
Tantawizal, T., Inayati, A., & Prayogo, Y. (2015). The potential of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin for controlling the leaf-rolling pest Cylas formicarius F. on sweet potato plants. Buletin Palawija, (29), 46-53. [In Indonesian language]
Winanda, F. R., & Budi, I. S. (2026). A Study on the Efficacy of Streptomyces sp. Isolates against Fusarium sp., the Causative Agent of Wilt Disease in Hiyung Chilli Plants. Proceeding of Seminar Nasional Unars, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 417-427). [In Indonesian language]
Wongpia, A., & Lomthaisong, K. (2010). Changes in the 2DE protein profiles of chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum) leaves in response to Fusarium oxysporum infection. ScienceAsia, 36(4), 259-270.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36987/jpbn.v12i1.8385
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nabila Naylofar, Sri Wiyatiningsih, Tri Mujoko, Vikayanti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Pembelajaran dan Biologi Nukleus (JPBN) by LPPM Universitas Labuhanbatu is under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY - SA 4.0). Official contact: Rivo +6281362238917