The effectiveness Assay of Vegetable Pesticides Papaya and Mahogany Leaf Extracts in Pest Control of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Onion (Allium ascalonicum L) Cultivation

Winda Sari Siregar, Tri Yaninta Ginting, Najla Lubis

Abstract


Spodoptera exigua is the main pest that attacks the onion crop. S.exigua attack can cause crop failure reaching 57%-100%. The use of natural ingredients from plants for vegetable pesticides such as papaya leaves and mahogany leaves containing secondary metabolite compounds: alkaloids, papain, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, flavonoids and steroids that can damage the feeding activity system and damage the pest growth system which eventually the pest will die. This study uses a non-factorial RAL (Completely Randomized Rack) method with 7 treatments M0= Control, M1= Papaya leaf extract 30%, M2= Papaya leaf extract 60%, M3= Mahogany leaf extract 30%, M4= Mahogany leaf extract 60%, M5 = Papaya leaf extract 15% + mahogany leaf extract 15%, M6= Papaya leaf extract 30% + mahogany leaf extract 30%. The highest mortality result is 72.50% with the treatment of 60% papaya extract vegetable pesticide and the lowest is 27.50% with the treatment of 30% mahogany extract vegetable pesticide. The initial symptoms of death of S. exigua caterpillars are characterized by larvae that are less active in moving, moving to the surface of the container, moving away from the feed, convulsing and finally dying. The mortality of S. exigua larvae at 24 JSA killed a total of 14 larvae and increased with each subsequent treatment. The results of the vegetable pesticide test on natural enemies using extracts that produce the highest percentage of mortality on S. exigua is 100%. This indicates that the extract is safe for the survival of natural enemies. Plant-based pesticides papaya leaf extract, mahogany leaves and a combination of papaya and mahogany leaves have an effect on the mortality of S. exigua caterpillars

Keywords


Spodoptera exigua, Plant-based Pesticides, Papaya Leaf, Mahogany Leaf, Natural Enemies

Full Text:

PDF

References


Aisyah, N. (2016). Uji daun sereh terhadap hama ulat daun Plutela xylostella di pertanaman sawi Brassica. J HPT, 8, 78–80.

Alfaizal, Fauzana, H., & Salbiah, D. (2021). Uji Beberapa Konsentrasi Ekstrak Umbi Gadung (Dioscorea hispida Dennst) Terhadap Hama Keong Mas (Pomacea canaliculata L.). Jurnal Dinamika Pertanian, 37(1), 9–16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.25299/dp.2021.vol37(1).7712

Amelia, T. R. N. (2017). Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq.) Terhadap Larva Aedes aegypti L. Florea : Jurnal Biologi Dan Pembelajarannya, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.25273/florea.v4i2.1067

Amrilla, K., Jayadi, E. M., & Mukminah, M. (2022). Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Larutan Buah Maja (Aegle Marmelos) Sebagai Insektisida Alami Dalam Mengendalikan Walang Sangit (Leptocorisa Acuta) Di Desa Rancak Lombok Tengah. Jurnal Multidisiplin Madani, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.54259/mudima.v2i2.370

Cania, E., & Setyaningrum, E. (2013). Uji Efektivitas Larvasida Ekstrak Daun Legundi (Vitex trifolia) Terhadap Larva Aedes aegypti. Medical Jurnal of Lampung University, 3(4).

Dewi, A. Y. M., Salbiah, D., & Sutikno, A. (2017). Uji Beberapa Konsentrasi Tepung Biji Pinang (Areca catechu L.) Terhadap Mortalitas Larva Penggerek Tongkol Jagung Manis (Helicoverpa armigera Hubner). Neuropsychology, 4(1).

Endang Suprapti, Dwi Susilo Utami, Tyas Soemarah K.D, & Haryuni. (2020). Uji Efikasi Ekstrak Daun Mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jaqc.) Terhadap Hama Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera litura F.) DAN HASIL TANAMAN KACANG TANAH (Arachis hypogaea L.). JURNAL ILMIAH AGRINECA, 20(2). https://doi.org/10.36728/afp.v20i2.1083

Heviyanti, M., Husni, & Alfian, R. (2016). Efektifitas ekstrak biji mahoni (Swietenia mahogani Jacq.) terhadap mortalitas dan rata-rata waktu kematian larva Plutella xylostella pada tanaman sawi. Jurnal Agrosamudra, 3(1).

Hidayati, L., & Suprihatini, S. (2020). Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Biji Mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni) Terhadap Kematian Larva Culex sp. ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-Borne Disease Studies, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.22435/asp.v12i1.2171

Hidayati, N. N., Yuliani, & Kuswanti, N. (2013). Pengaruh ekstrak daun suren dan daun mahoni terhadap mortalitas dan aktivitas makan ulat daun (Plutella xylostella) pada tanaman kubis. Lentera Bio, 2(1).

Jayati, R. D., Lestari, F., & Betharia, R. (2020). Pengaruh Pestisida Nabati Ekstrak Daun Kenikir (Cosmos Caudatus) terhadap Mortalitas Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera Litura) pada Daun Bawang (Allium Fistulosum). BIOEDUSAINS:Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Dan Sains, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.31539/bioedusains.v3i1.1284

Koneri, R., & Pontororing, H. (2016). Uji Ekstrak Biji Mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla) Terhadap Larva Aedes aegypti Vektor Penyakit Demam Berdarah. Mkmi, 12(4). http://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/JMKMI

Manikome, N., & Handayani, M. (2020). Effectiveness Test of Soursop Leaf Extract and Papaya Leaf Extract Combination Against Spodoptera litura on Chili Plants in Tobelo City. Agrikan: Jurnal Agribisnis Perikanan, 13(2), 253–259. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.29239/j.agrikan.13.2.253-259

Marsadi, D., & Sunari. (2017). Invasi Dan Tingkat Serangan Ulat Bawang (Spodoptera exigua Hubner) Pada Dua Kultivar Tanaman Bawang Merah Di Desa Songan, Kecamatan Kintamani, Kabupaten Bangli. 6 (4), 360-369. E-Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika, 6 (4), 360-369.

Mawuntu, M. S. C. (2016). EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN SIRSAK DAN DAUN PEPAYA DALAM PENGENDALIAN Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera; Yponomeutidae) PADA TANAMAN KUBIS DI KOTA TOMOHON. JURNAL ILMIAH SAINS, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.35799/jis.16.1.2016.12468

Najmi, N. . (2023). UJI TOKSISITAS BEBERAPA KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK UMBI GADUNG (Dioscorea hispida Dennst.) TERHADAP ULAT GRAYAK (Spodoptera litura Fabr.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) DI LABORATORIUM. repository.upnjatim.

Nursam, Yunus, M., & Nasir, B. (2018). Pengaruh Pestisida Nabati Buah Cabai (Capsicum annuum L) dan Umbi Bawang Putih (Allium sativum L) Terhadap Mortalitas Hama Bawang Merah (Spodoptera exigua Hubner). E-J. Agrotekbis, 6(2).

Rahmad, A. (2020). Pengaruh Penyemprotan Pestisida Nabati Akar Tuba Dan Biopestisida Rojokoyo Terhadap Serangan Hama Pada Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.). (Doctoral Dissertation, Universitas Islam Riau). http://repository.uir.ac.id/id/eprint/14243

Sa’diyah, N., Purwani, K. I., Wijayawati, L., Arief, J., Hakim, R., & Indonesia, S. (2013). Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Bintaro ( Cerbera odollam ) terhadap Perkembangan Ulat Grayak ( Spodoptera litura F .). Jurnal Sains Dan Seni Pomits, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.12962/j23373520.v2i2.3739

Safirah, R., Widodo, N., & Budiyanto, M. A. K. (2016). Uji Efektifitas Insektisida Nabati Buah Crescentia Cujete Dan Bunga Syzygium Aromaticum Terhadap Mortalitas Spodoptera Litura Secara In Vitro Sebagai Sumber Belajar Biologi. Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Indonesia, 2(3).

Salim, A. N., Sumardianto, S., & Amalia, U. (2018). Efektivitas Serbuk Simplisia Biji Pepaya sebagai Antibakteri pada Udang Putih (Penaeus merguensis) Selama Penyimpanan Dingin. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 21(2). https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v21i2.22836

Saputri, A., Damayanti, F., & Yulistiana, Y. (2023). Potensi Ekstrak Daun Pepaya sebagai Biopestisida Hama Ulat Grayak pada Tanaman Kangkung Darat. EduBiologia: Biological Science and Education Journal, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.30998/edubiologia.v3i1.15796

Saputri, A. E., Hariyanti, D. B., Ramadhani, I. A., & Harijani, W. S. (2021). Potensi Daun Lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) Sebagai Biopestisida Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera litura F.). Agritrop : Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian (Journal of Agricultural Science), 18(2). https://doi.org/10.32528/agritrop.v18i2.3740

Siahaya, V. G., & Rumthe, R. Y. (2018). Uji Ekstrak Daun Pepaya (Carica Papaya) Terhadap Larva Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Agrologia, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.30598/a.v3i2.251

Soelistijono, R. (2023). EFEKTIFITAS DAUN MAHONI (Swietenia mahagoni L. Jacq.) SEBAGAI BIOPESTISIDA Spodoptera litura F. PADA TOMAT. Jurnal Ilmiah Hijau Cendekia, 8(2), 173–181. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32503/hijau.v8i2.4107

Suharti. (2018). PENGARUH BEBERAPA BIOINSEKTISIDA TERHADAP INTENSITAS SERANGAN ULAT GRAYAK (Spodoptera exigua Hbn.) PADA TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Mataram). Doctoral Dissertation, Universitas Mataram. http://eprints.unram.ac.id/id/eprint/4331

Supono, Puspitasari, D., & Munti, S. (2022). PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN KALSIUM PADA MEDIA KULTUR SALINITAS RENDAH TERHADAP PERFORMA UDANG VANAME Litopenaeus vannamei. Journal of Tropical Marine Science, 5, 90–97. http://repository.lppm.unila.ac.id/id/eprint/47655

Syarief, M. . B. M. . & P. B. Y. (2022). (2023). Efektivitas Nanoemulsi Campuran Ekstrak Daun Carica Papaya Dan Ageratum Conyzoides Terhadap Leptocorisa Oratorius Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Keanekaragaman Artropoda. NaCosVi : Polije Proceedings Series, 5(1), 384–390. https://doi.org/https://proceedings.polije.ac.id/index.php/ppm/article/view/427

Wahyuni, D. P., & Yuliani, Y. (2023). Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala), Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya) dan Kombinasinya terhadap Aktivitas Antimakan dan Mortalitas …. LenteraBio: Berkala Ilmiah Biologi, 12(3). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.26740/lenterabio.v12n3.p290-298

Wardana, R., Zarkazi, A. ., Erdiansyah, I., & Soelaksini, L. . (2023). Pengaruh Asap Cair Sekam Padi terhadap Jumlah Populasi Semut Hitam (Dolichoderus thoracicus) sebagai Pemangsa Hama Ulat Grayak pada Tanaman Jagung. Agriprima : Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences, 7(2), 110–115. https://doi.org/10.25047/agriprima.v7i2.502

Wiranata, W. ., & Sunardi, T. (2023). EFIKASI EKSTRAK SERAI WANGI DAN DAUN SIRSAK DALAM MENGENDALIKAN SERANGAN ULAT GRAYAK (Spodoptera litura J.E. Smith) PADA BUDIDAYA SAWI HIJAU. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 25(2), 134–139. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31186/jipi.25.2.134-139

Zulkarnain, L., Handayani, L., & Sembiring, R. P. (2019). Pemanfaatan Pestisida Nabati Dalam Pengendalian Pencemaran Lingkungan. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Hasil Pengabdian 2019. https://doi.org/https://e-prosiding.umnaw.ac.id/index.php/pengabdian/issue/view/9




DOI: https://doi.org/10.36987/jpbn.v10i1.5394

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Winda Sari Siregar, Tri Yaninta Ginting, Najla Lubis

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Jurnal Pembelajaran dan Biologi Nukleus (JPBN) by LPPM Universitas Labuhanbatu is under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY - SA 4.0). Official contact: +6281362238917